Cancer dataset

Dataset statistics

Number of variables	11
Number of observations	683
Missing cells	0
Missing cells (%)	0.0%
Duplicate rows	8
Duplicate rows (%)	1.2%
Total size in memory	58.8 KiB
Average record size in memory	88.2 B

Variable types

Numeric	10
Categorical	1

Warnings

Dataset has 8 (1.2%) duplicate rows	Duplicates
`UofCSize` is highly correlated with `UofCShape`	High correlation
`UofCShape` is highly correlated with `UofCSize`	High correlation

Reproduction

Analysis started	2021-04-10 16:48:44.135944
Analysis finished	2021-04-10 16:48:56.602177
Duration	12.47 seconds
Software version	pandas-profiling v2.10.0
Download configuration	config.yaml

id
Real number (ℝ_≥0)

Distinct	630
Distinct (%)	92.2%
Missing	0
Missing (%)	0.0%
Infinite	0
Infinite (%)	0.0%

Mean	1076720.227
Minimum	63375
Maximum	13454352
Zeros	0
Zeros (%)	0.0%
Memory size	5.5 KiB

Quantile statistics

Minimum	63375
5-th percentile	413929.8
Q1	877617
median	1171795
Q3	1238705
95-th percentile	1334001.2
Maximum	13454352
Range	13390977
Interquartile range (IQR)	361088

Descriptive statistics

Standard deviation	620644.0477
Coefficient of variation (CV)	0.576420905
Kurtosis	257.3684102
Mean	1076720.227
Median Absolute Deviation (MAD)	104296
Skewness	13.74841025
Sum	735399915
Variance	3.851990339 × 10¹¹
Monotocity	Not monotonic

Histogram with fixed size bins (bins=50)

Value	Count	Frequency (%)
1182404	6	0.9%
1276091	5	0.7%
1198641	3	0.4%
704097	2	0.3%
1321942	2	0.3%
695091	2	0.3%
1017023	2	0.3%
385103	2	0.3%
1070935	2	0.3%
1240603	2	0.3%
Other values (620)	655	95.9%

Minimum 5 values
Maximum 5 values

Value	Count	Frequency (%)
63375	1	0.1%
76389	1	0.1%
95719	1	0.1%
128059	1	0.1%
142932	1	0.1%

Value	Count	Frequency (%)
13454352	1	0.1%
8233704	1	0.1%
1371920	1	0.1%
1371026	1	0.1%
1369821	1	0.1%

Clump Thickness
Real number (ℝ_≥0)

Distinct	10
Distinct (%)	1.5%
Missing	0
Missing (%)	0.0%
Infinite	0
Infinite (%)	0.0%

Mean	4.442166911
Minimum	1
Maximum	10
Zeros	0
Zeros (%)	0.0%
Memory size	5.5 KiB

Quantile statistics

Minimum	1
5-th percentile	1
Q1	2
median	4
Q3	6
95-th percentile	10
Maximum	10
Range	9
Interquartile range (IQR)	4

Descriptive statistics

Standard deviation	2.820761319
Coefficient of variation (CV)	0.6349966977
Kurtosis	-0.6331245309
Mean	4.442166911
Median Absolute Deviation (MAD)	2
Skewness	0.5876542361
Sum	3034
Variance	7.956694418
Monotocity	Not monotonic

Histogram with fixed size bins (bins=10)

Value	Count	Frequency (%)
1	139	20.4%
5	128	18.7%
3	104	15.2%
4	79	11.6%
10	69	10.1%
2	50	7.3%
8	44	6.4%
6	33	4.8%
7	23	3.4%
9	14	2.0%

Minimum 5 values
Maximum 5 values

Value	Count	Frequency (%)
1	139	20.4%
2	50	7.3%
3	104	15.2%
4	79	11.6%
5	128	18.7%

Value	Count	Frequency (%)
10	69	10.1%
9	14	2.0%
8	44	6.4%
7	23	3.4%
6	33	4.8%

UofCSize
Real number (ℝ_≥0)

HIGH CORRELATION

Distinct	10
Distinct (%)	1.5%
Missing	0
Missing (%)	0.0%
Infinite	0
Infinite (%)	0.0%

Mean	3.150805271
Minimum	1
Maximum	10
Zeros	0
Zeros (%)	0.0%
Memory size	5.5 KiB

Quantile statistics

Minimum	1
5-th percentile	1
Q1	1
median	1
Q3	5
95-th percentile	10
Maximum	10
Range	9
Interquartile range (IQR)	4

Descriptive statistics

Standard deviation	3.065144856
Coefficient of variation (CV)	0.9728131675
Kurtosis	0.0736791399
Mean	3.150805271
Median Absolute Deviation (MAD)	0
Skewness	1.226404096
Sum	2152
Variance	9.395112987
Monotocity	Not monotonic

Histogram with fixed size bins (bins=10)

Value	Count	Frequency (%)
1	373	54.6%
10	67	9.8%
3	52	7.6%
2	45	6.6%
4	38	5.6%
5	30	4.4%
8	28	4.1%
6	25	3.7%
7	19	2.8%
9	6	0.9%

Minimum 5 values
Maximum 5 values

Value	Count	Frequency (%)
1	373	54.6%
2	45	6.6%
3	52	7.6%
4	38	5.6%
5	30	4.4%

Value	Count	Frequency (%)
10	67	9.8%
9	6	0.9%
8	28	4.1%
7	19	2.8%
6	25	3.7%

UofCShape
Real number (ℝ_≥0)

HIGH CORRELATION

Distinct	10
Distinct (%)	1.5%
Missing	0
Missing (%)	0.0%
Infinite	0
Infinite (%)	0.0%

Mean	3.21522694
Minimum	1
Maximum	10
Zeros	0
Zeros (%)	0.0%
Memory size	5.5 KiB

Quantile statistics

Minimum	1
5-th percentile	1
Q1	1
median	1
Q3	5
95-th percentile	10
Maximum	10
Range	9
Interquartile range (IQR)	4

Descriptive statistics

Standard deviation	2.988580818
Coefficient of variation (CV)	0.929508515
Kurtosis	-0.01681562061
Mean	3.21522694
Median Absolute Deviation (MAD)	0
Skewness	1.157890012
Sum	2196
Variance	8.931615308
Monotocity	Not monotonic

Histogram with fixed size bins (bins=10)

Value	Count	Frequency (%)
1	346	50.7%
10	58	8.5%
2	58	8.5%
3	53	7.8%
4	43	6.3%
5	32	4.7%
7	30	4.4%
6	29	4.2%
8	27	4.0%
9	7	1.0%

Minimum 5 values
Maximum 5 values

Value	Count	Frequency (%)
1	346	50.7%
2	58	8.5%
3	53	7.8%
4	43	6.3%
5	32	4.7%

Value	Count	Frequency (%)
10	58	8.5%
9	7	1.0%
8	27	4.0%
7	30	4.4%
6	29	4.2%

Marginal Adhesion
Real number (ℝ_≥0)

Distinct	10
Distinct (%)	1.5%
Missing	0
Missing (%)	0.0%
Infinite	0
Infinite (%)	0.0%

Mean	2.830161054
Minimum	1
Maximum	10
Zeros	0
Zeros (%)	0.0%
Memory size	5.5 KiB

Quantile statistics

Minimum	1
5-th percentile	1
Q1	1
median	1
Q3	4
95-th percentile	10
Maximum	10
Range	9
Interquartile range (IQR)	3

Descriptive statistics

Standard deviation	2.86456219
Coefficient of variation (CV)	1.012155187
Kurtosis	0.9424072094
Mean	2.830161054
Median Absolute Deviation (MAD)	0
Skewness	1.509181064
Sum	1933
Variance	8.205716543
Monotocity	Not monotonic

Histogram with fixed size bins (bins=10)

Value	Count	Frequency (%)
1	393	57.5%
3	58	8.5%
2	58	8.5%
10	55	8.1%
4	33	4.8%
8	25	3.7%
5	23	3.4%
6	21	3.1%
7	13	1.9%
9	4	0.6%

Minimum 5 values
Maximum 5 values

Value	Count	Frequency (%)
1	393	57.5%
2	58	8.5%
3	58	8.5%
4	33	4.8%
5	23	3.4%

Value	Count	Frequency (%)
10	55	8.1%
9	4	0.6%
8	25	3.7%
7	13	1.9%
6	21	3.1%

SECSize
Real number (ℝ_≥0)

Distinct	10
Distinct (%)	1.5%
Missing	0
Missing (%)	0.0%
Infinite	0
Infinite (%)	0.0%

Mean	3.234260615
Minimum	1
Maximum	10
Zeros	0
Zeros (%)	0.0%
Memory size	5.5 KiB

Quantile statistics

Minimum	1
5-th percentile	1
Q1	2
median	2
Q3	4
95-th percentile	8
Maximum	10
Range	9
Interquartile range (IQR)	2

Descriptive statistics

Standard deviation	2.223085456
Coefficient of variation (CV)	0.6873550777
Kurtosis	2.129639279
Mean	3.234260615
Median Absolute Deviation (MAD)	0
Skewness	1.703716401
Sum	2209
Variance	4.942108947
Monotocity	Not monotonic

Histogram with fixed size bins (bins=10)

Value	Count	Frequency (%)
2	376	55.1%
3	71	10.4%
4	48	7.0%
1	44	6.4%
6	40	5.9%
5	39	5.7%
10	31	4.5%
8	21	3.1%
7	11	1.6%
9	2	0.3%

Minimum 5 values
Maximum 5 values

Value	Count	Frequency (%)
1	44	6.4%
2	376	55.1%
3	71	10.4%
4	48	7.0%
5	39	5.7%

Value	Count	Frequency (%)
10	31	4.5%
9	2	0.3%
8	21	3.1%
7	11	1.6%
6	40	5.9%

Bare Nuclei
Real number (ℝ_≥0)

Distinct	10
Distinct (%)	1.5%
Missing	0
Missing (%)	0.0%
Infinite	0
Infinite (%)	0.0%

Mean	3.54465593
Minimum	1
Maximum	10
Zeros	0
Zeros (%)	0.0%
Memory size	5.5 KiB

Quantile statistics

Minimum	1
5-th percentile	1
Q1	1
median	1
Q3	6
95-th percentile	10
Maximum	10
Range	9
Interquartile range (IQR)	5

Descriptive statistics

Standard deviation	3.64385716
Coefficient of variation (CV)	1.027986138
Kurtosis	-0.7988441354
Mean	3.54465593
Median Absolute Deviation (MAD)	0
Skewness	0.9900156547
Sum	2421
Variance	13.27769501
Monotocity	Not monotonic

Histogram with fixed size bins (bins=10)

Value	Count	Frequency (%)
1	402	58.9%
10	132	19.3%
5	30	4.4%
2	30	4.4%
3	28	4.1%
8	21	3.1%
4	19	2.8%
9	9	1.3%
7	8	1.2%
6	4	0.6%

Minimum 5 values
Maximum 5 values

Value	Count	Frequency (%)
1	402	58.9%
2	30	4.4%
3	28	4.1%
4	19	2.8%
5	30	4.4%

Value	Count	Frequency (%)
10	132	19.3%
9	9	1.3%
8	21	3.1%
7	8	1.2%
6	4	0.6%

Bland Chromatin
Real number (ℝ_≥0)

Distinct	10
Distinct (%)	1.5%
Missing	0
Missing (%)	0.0%
Infinite	0
Infinite (%)	0.0%

Mean	3.445095168
Minimum	1
Maximum	10
Zeros	0
Zeros (%)	0.0%
Memory size	5.5 KiB

Quantile statistics

Minimum	1
5-th percentile	1
Q1	2
median	3
Q3	5
95-th percentile	8
Maximum	10
Range	9
Interquartile range (IQR)	3

Descriptive statistics

Standard deviation	2.449696573
Coefficient of variation (CV)	0.7110678959
Kurtosis	0.1676456428
Mean	3.445095168
Median Absolute Deviation (MAD)	1
Skewness	1.095270469
Sum	2353
Variance	6.001013297
Monotocity	Not monotonic

Histogram with fixed size bins (bins=10)

Value	Count	Frequency (%)
3	161	23.6%
2	160	23.4%
1	150	22.0%
7	71	10.4%
4	39	5.7%
5	34	5.0%
8	28	4.1%
10	20	2.9%
9	11	1.6%
6	9	1.3%

Minimum 5 values
Maximum 5 values

Value	Count	Frequency (%)
1	150	22.0%
2	160	23.4%
3	161	23.6%
4	39	5.7%
5	34	5.0%

Value	Count	Frequency (%)
10	20	2.9%
9	11	1.6%
8	28	4.1%
7	71	10.4%
6	9	1.3%

Normal Nucleoli
Real number (ℝ_≥0)

Distinct	10
Distinct (%)	1.5%
Missing	0
Missing (%)	0.0%
Infinite	0
Infinite (%)	0.0%

Mean	2.869692533
Minimum	1
Maximum	10
Zeros	0
Zeros (%)	0.0%
Memory size	5.5 KiB

Quantile statistics

Minimum	1
5-th percentile	1
Q1	1
median	1
Q3	4
95-th percentile	10
Maximum	10
Range	9
Interquartile range (IQR)	3

Descriptive statistics

Standard deviation	3.052666407
Coefficient of variation (CV)	1.063760794
Kurtosis	0.4735882982
Mean	2.869692533
Median Absolute Deviation (MAD)	0
Skewness	1.420431124
Sum	1960
Variance	9.318772193
Monotocity	Not monotonic

Histogram with fixed size bins (bins=10)

Value	Count	Frequency (%)
1	432	63.3%
10	60	8.8%
3	42	6.1%
2	36	5.3%
8	23	3.4%
6	22	3.2%
5	19	2.8%
4	18	2.6%
7	16	2.3%
9	15	2.2%

Minimum 5 values
Maximum 5 values

Value	Count	Frequency (%)
1	432	63.3%
2	36	5.3%
3	42	6.1%
4	18	2.6%
5	19	2.8%

Value	Count	Frequency (%)
10	60	8.8%
9	15	2.2%
8	23	3.4%
7	16	2.3%
6	22	3.2%

Mitoses
Real number (ℝ_≥0)

Distinct	9
Distinct (%)	1.3%
Missing	0
Missing (%)	0.0%
Infinite	0
Infinite (%)	0.0%

Mean	1.603221083
Minimum	1
Maximum	10
Zeros	0
Zeros (%)	0.0%
Memory size	5.5 KiB

Quantile statistics

Minimum	1
5-th percentile	1
Q1	1
median	1
Q3	1
95-th percentile	5
Maximum	10
Range	9
Interquartile range (IQR)	0

Descriptive statistics

Standard deviation	1.732674146
Coefficient of variation (CV)	1.080745609
Kurtosis	12.27337364
Mean	1.603221083
Median Absolute Deviation (MAD)	0
Skewness	3.511476241
Sum	1095
Variance	3.002159697
Monotocity	Not monotonic

Histogram with fixed size bins (bins=9)

Value	Count	Frequency (%)
1	563	82.4%
2	35	5.1%
3	33	4.8%
10	14	2.0%
4	12	1.8%
7	9	1.3%
8	8	1.2%
5	6	0.9%
6	3	0.4%

Minimum 5 values
Maximum 5 values

Value	Count	Frequency (%)
1	563	82.4%
2	35	5.1%
3	33	4.8%
4	12	1.8%
5	6	0.9%

Value	Count	Frequency (%)
10	14	2.0%
8	8	1.2%
7	9	1.3%
6	3	0.4%
5	6	0.9%

Class
Categorical

Distinct	2
Distinct (%)	0.3%
Missing	0
Missing (%)	0.0%
Memory size	5.5 KiB

2	444
4	239

Length

Max length	1
Median length	1
Mean length	1
Min length	1

Characters and Unicode

Total characters	683
Distinct characters	2
Distinct categories	1 ?
Distinct scripts	1 ?
Distinct blocks	1 ?

The Unicode Standard assigns character properties to each code point, which can be used to analyse textual variables.

Unique

Unique	0 ?
Unique (%)	0.0%

Sample

1st row	2
2nd row	2
3rd row	2
4th row	2
5th row	2

Value	Count	Frequency (%)
2	444	65.0%
4	239	35.0%

Histogram of lengths of the category

Value	Count	Frequency (%)
2	444	65.0%
4	239	35.0%

Most occurring characters

Value	Count	Frequency (%)
2	444	65.0%
4	239	35.0%

Most occurring categories

Value	Count	Frequency (%)
Decimal Number	683	100.0%

Most frequent character per category

Value	Count	Frequency (%)
2	444	65.0%
4	239	35.0%

Most occurring scripts

Value	Count	Frequency (%)
Common	683	100.0%

Most frequent character per script

Value	Count	Frequency (%)
2	444	65.0%
4	239	35.0%

Most occurring blocks

Value	Count	Frequency (%)
ASCII	683	100.0%

Most frequent character per block

Value	Count	Frequency (%)
2	444	65.0%
4	239	35.0%

Pearson's r

The Pearson's correlation coefficient (r) is a measure of linear correlation between two variables. It's value lies between -1 and +1, -1 indicating total negative linear correlation, 0 indicating no linear correlation and 1 indicating total positive linear correlation. Furthermore, r is invariant under separate changes in location and scale of the two variables, implying that for a linear function the angle to the x-axis does not affect r.

To calculate r for two variables X and Y, one divides the covariance of X and Y by the product of their standard deviations.

Spearman's ρ

The Spearman's rank correlation coefficient (ρ) is a measure of monotonic correlation between two variables, and is therefore better in catching nonlinear monotonic correlations than Pearson's r. It's value lies between -1 and +1, -1 indicating total negative monotonic correlation, 0 indicating no monotonic correlation and 1 indicating total positive monotonic correlation.

To calculate ρ for two variables X and Y, one divides the covariance of the rank variables of X and Y by the product of their standard deviations.

Kendall's τ

Similarly to Spearman's rank correlation coefficient, the Kendall rank correlation coefficient (τ) measures ordinal association between two variables. It's value lies between -1 and +1, -1 indicating total negative correlation, 0 indicating no correlation and 1 indicating total positive correlation.

To calculate τ for two variables X and Y, one determines the number of concordant and discordant pairs of observations. τ is given by the number of concordant pairs minus the discordant pairs divided by the total number of pairs.

Phik (φk)

Phik (φk) is a new and practical correlation coefficient that works consistently between categorical, ordinal and interval variables, captures non-linear dependency and reverts to the Pearson correlation coefficient in case of a bivariate normal input distribution. There is extensive documentation available here.

Count
Matrix

A simple visualization of nullity by column.

Nullity matrix is a data-dense display which lets you quickly visually pick out patterns in data completion.

First rows

	id	Clump Thickness	UofCSize	UofCShape	Marginal Adhesion	SECSize	Bare Nuclei	Bland Chromatin	Normal Nucleoli	Mitoses	Class
0	1000025	5	1	1	1	2	1	3	1	1	2
1	1002945	5	4	4	5	7	10	3	2	1	2
2	1015425	3	1	1	1	2	2	3	1	1	2
3	1016277	6	8	8	1	3	4	3	7	1	2
4	1017023	4	1	1	3	2	1	3	1	1	2
5	1017122	8	10	10	8	7	10	9	7	1	4
6	1018099	1	1	1	1	2	10	3	1	1	2
7	1018561	2	1	2	1	2	1	3	1	1	2
8	1033078	2	1	1	1	2	1	1	1	5	2
9	1033078	4	2	1	1	2	1	2	1	1	2

Last rows

	id	Clump Thickness	UofCSize	UofCShape	Marginal Adhesion	SECSize	Bare Nuclei	Bland Chromatin	Normal Nucleoli	Mitoses	Class
673	654546	1	1	1	1	2	1	1	1	8	2
674	654546	1	1	1	3	2	1	1	1	1	2
675	695091	5	10	10	5	4	5	4	4	1	4
676	714039	3	1	1	1	2	1	1	1	1	2
677	763235	3	1	1	1	2	1	2	1	2	2
678	776715	3	1	1	1	3	2	1	1	1	2
679	841769	2	1	1	1	2	1	1	1	1	2
680	888820	5	10	10	3	7	3	8	10	2	4
681	897471	4	8	6	4	3	4	10	6	1	4
682	897471	4	8	8	5	4	5	10	4	1	4

Most frequent

	id	Clump Thickness	UofCSize	UofCShape	Marginal Adhesion	SECSize	Bare Nuclei	Bland Chromatin	Normal Nucleoli	Mitoses	Class	count
0	320675	3	3	5	2	3	10	7	1	1	4	2
1	466906	1	1	1	1	2	1	1	1	1	2	2
2	704097	1	1	1	1	1	1	2	1	1	2	2
3	1100524	6	10	10	2	8	10	7	3	3	4	2
4	1116116	9	10	10	1	10	8	3	3	1	4	2
5	1198641	3	1	1	1	2	1	3	1	1	2	2
6	1218860	1	1	1	1	1	1	3	1	1	2	2
7	1321942	5	1	1	1	2	1	3	1	1	2	2

Overview

Variables

Most occurring characters

Most occurring categories

Most frequent character per category

Most occurring scripts

Most frequent character per script

Most occurring blocks

Most frequent character per block

Interactions

Correlations

Pearson's r

Spearman's ρ

Kendall's τ

Phik (φk)

Missing values

Sample

First rows

Last rows

Duplicate rows

Most frequent